Achievements of Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Limited [KREDL]

INTRODUCTION

KREDL in the decade of service has made a remarkable progress in propagation of information of the usage of renewable energies to reach the grassroot level of the state. The available media like newspaper, television, radio, mobile vans, exhibitions, posters, trainings and seminars, etc. are being used to harness the renewable potential to an extent of 14.50% against the 11150 MW renewable energy potential of the state. Among the renewable energies, the wind energy sector is robust in its growth followed by co-generation, small hydro and biomass. The individual sectors progress is given in the table or mentioned below:

Table-I

Total Potential, Allotted and Commissioned capacity in MW as on 31st July 2007

Sl. No	Sector	Potential available	Projects allotted by Government		Projects commissioned
			No	MW	No	MW
1	Wind	7500	356	7181.965	404	853.535
2	Small Hydro	2000	289	1734.330	55	325.59
3	Cogeneration	1000	47	861.1	18	339.9
4	Biomass	650	65	478.2	11	81.00
	Total	11,150	757	10255.56	488	1600.025

KREDL's DEMONSTRATION WIND POWER PROJECTS ESTABLISHED AT MAVINAHUNDA AND SOGI IN KARNATAKA UNDER MNRE SCHEME, GOVT. OF INDIA:

KREDL is happy to express and share its experience and performance of its FIRST EVER commissioned demonstration 2 MW wind power project established at Mavinahunda in Raybag taluk, Belgaum district, in Karnataka approved by National Wind Resources Assessment Programme (WRAP). This site has fairly good wind regime at 50 m height with 366 watt per square meter wind power density and annual mean wind speed 24.6 Kmph. The site is located in Geographical co-ordinates i.e. Latitude 16 25' E Longitude 74 48 N with 787 m elevation.

MNRE approved and sanctioned this 2 MW demonstration wind power project to set up at Mavinahunda in its wind demonstration scheme and has been very supportive and encouraged KREDL to take up this project utilising MNRE financial assistance of Rs. 4.2 crores for 2 MW. Due to the fact, KREDL selected a Turnkey wind farm developer i.e. M/s. Vestas RRB (I) Ltd., through the open bidding process in the month of January 03 and award of work was done in the month of March 03. The construction activity of the project was actually started on 5th may 03 in 25 acres 37 guntas of land acquired from Government Revenue Department. The plant consists of staff quarters, office-cum-control room, storage shed, VCB yard, DP structure including an individual transformer yard of four Wind Turbine Generators of 500 kW capacity with a construction of transmission line of 33 kV Sc-coyote conductor was energised through a separate bay extension at KPTCL substation Kabbur. The plant was commissioned on 30/8/2003.

A wind mast of height 50 m is installed at the wind farm at a distance of three times the rotor diameter in front of 4th WTG i.e. in the west direction which is predominant wind direction for power curve verification certification of the WTG’s-installed in the wind farm. All the Four WTG’s are connected to SCADA system i.e. Supervisory Control and Data Acquision system; thereby the wind farm could either be controlled from control room or from the Bangalore office. The demonstration wind farm of KREDL consists 3 bladed 4 Wind Turbine Generators (WTG’s) of 500 kW capacity each with a 50 m Hub height and have pitch regulation for optimal conversion of Kinetic Energy of wind into mechanical power and then to electrical power.

The plant has generated the energy in the last 4 years which appears very promising and encouraging. And the actual energy generated is detailed in Table I.

KREDL has taken up its 2nd wind demonstration project at Sogi Huvinahadagali taluk Bellary district. MNRE approved a 2MW capacity wind demonstration project and subsequently the capacity was enhanced to 2.5MW with due approval of MNRE and Government of Karnataka.

A Detail Project Report was prepared by Wind Energy Consultant: M/s. Consolidated Energy Consultants Ltd., Bhopal, in the year 1999. As per the DPR, 18Ha of forest land was obtained from MOEF Government of India, this project area is covered in aforesaid geographical co-ordinates Latitude 14o 54' 51" Longitude 75o 58' 45". With an average evaluation of about 860M.

KREDL has taken up this project with MNRE financial assistance of Rs. 4.2 crores for 2.5 MW capacity wind demonstration project. M/s. Suzlon Energy Ltd., a Turnkey project developer was selected through open competition bidding process held in a month of Jan 2003 and the award of work was entrusted in the month of March 2003. But the construction activity and handing over of land was effected officially on 10/3/2004. In this plant, the basic infrastructure such as 5 km approach road, internal wind farm roads, operator room, office-cum-control room, storage shed, VCB yard and DP structure for the individual transformer of 2 WTG’s are created including drawing up a transmission line of 33 kV-SC coyote conductor to Varakanahalli substation of 33/66 kV of M/s. Suzlon Energy Ltd are created. A wind mast of height 65M is also installed between the two WTG’s and the wind speed measurement is carried out at the hub height of WTG’s. The placing and positing of wind monitoring station had to alter because of the inadequate place at the site. The wind speeds obtained from this mast would help in comparing the energy generation of WTG’s with w.r.t their power curves. This plant has the installation of 2 Nos. of 3 bladed 1250 kW capacity 65M hub height with a pitch regulation type wind generators for the optimal conversion of kinetic energy of wind into mechanical power and than to electrical power are grid synchronised on 28/8/2004 on a temporary evacuation circuit of 11 kV network of KPTCL. Later, on a regular basis, this plant was commissioned on 15/12/2004 with a 33 kV transmission network. The plant has engaged into generation of energy, has given in detail in Table-II.

Table-II

Statement showing the generation of energy computed as per B-Form of KPTCL of 2 MW wind demonstration project established at Mavinahunda, in Raybag taluk, Belgaum district by KREDL

Sl. no.	Months	Units Generated in kWh
Sl. no.	Months	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	Total
1	Jan		273750	221100	344400	289350
2	Feb		202500	274200	286200	248700
3	Mar		208200	237300	207750	187350
4	Apr		350100	187500	313200
5	May		575400	394950	463800
6	Jun		912000	716700	506250
7	Jul		752250	879900	1074900
8	Aug		1027050	739950	982800
9	Sep	526050	259200	424050	380250
10	Oct	134100	405000	200850	314250
11	Nov	412500	549750	441000	310650
12	Dec	401400	418800	319200	553500
Total		1474050	5934000	5036700	5737950	725400	18908100

Table-III

Statement showing the generation of energy computed as per B-Form of KPTCL of 2.5 MW wind demonstration project established at Sogi, in Huvinahadagali taluk, Bellary district by KREDL

Sl. no.	Months	Units Generated in kWh
Sl. no.	Months	2004	2005	2006	2007	Total
1	Jan		270900	498816.9	441438.2
2	Feb		308700	412755.4	290277.4
3	Mar		206878	203567.7	187899.2
4	Apr		228529.3	252936.8
5	May		371084.2	593169.4
6	Jun		724871.3	823539.7
7	Jul		881346.1	1396034.7
8	Aug	-41.6	966321.1	1198440
9	Sep	71600	809170	637928.9
10	Oct	98400	204584.9	439774.1
11	Nov	0	421439.9	413910.7
12	Dec	195302	379913.9	602956.3
Total		365260.4	5773738.7	7473830.6	919614	14532444

SOLAR POWER PLANT AT KREDL

The Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Limited (KREDL), the premier Karnataka Government Nodal Agency for promotion of renewable energy systems in the state has installed a stand alone SPV power plant of capacity 10.5 kWp. KREDL is probably the first nodal agency to install a solar powered power plant capable of meeting the energy requirements of the building. A 10.5 kWp capacity solar power plant has been installed on the roof top of KREDL Office during Aug’2003. This power plant is contributing in generation of about 35-40 units of electricity per day.

The system has been set up by KREDL along with the 50% Central Financial Assistance from the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, GOI, New Delhi. The total cost of the project is Rs. 29.00 lakhs.

All lighting loads including Computers, Printers, Fans, Fax, EPABX etc. are being catered by the Solar Energy except Lift and Air Conditioning Units. To power these loads a 10.5 kWp solar array with a battery bank of 120 V, 1200 Ah to store the energy and to provide a back up for cloudy days and a power conditioning unit to continuously monitor and energise the battery bank as well as to regulate the power supply to the above devices have been installed.

The system installed is one of the most advanced systems with the Power Conditioning Unit being capable of detecting the state of charge in the battery bank and available solar energy. In case the solar energy availability is low either due to clouds or during the night, the Power Conditioning Unit will charge the batteries through the grid and ensure the energy availability.

The entire system can be monitored and evaluated remotely using a computer with a modem and accessing real time data from the Power Conditioning Unit. Due to space constraints on the roof, the solar modules have been installed on a single inclined plane. This itself is an engineering feat since the last row of modules are installed at a height of more than 15 feet. Normally solar modules are installed in several rows.

The system has been designed, supplied and installed by M/s. Selco Solar Light Private Limited with Tata B. P Solar assistance.

Thus, the system uses clean energy and contributes in saving of Carbon Dioxide being emitted to the atmosphere. Apart from carbon Dioxide, other pollutants like nitrogen dioxide and dust would also be avoided from being emitted. These avoided pollutants are of much higher costs than the direct savings in terms of electricity cost.

BIOMASS PROJECT 250 KWe

A demonstration biomass gasifier of 250 KWe capacity with 100% producer gas engine has been installed at Adichunchunagiri Medical College, Bellur Cross, Mandya District in the month of November 2005. His Excellency President of India Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam inaugurated this gasifier on 21.11.2005. Till date the gasifier has generated about 1.20 lakhs units, which is being utilized by the hospital and other buildings in the campus.

Location	:	Adhichunchunagiri Medical Research Institution, Balagangadharanatha Nagar, Bellur Cross, Nagamangala Taluk, Mandya District.
Capacity	:	250 KWe
Gross Output	:	250 KWe
Net Output	:	220 KWe
Continuous Output	:	205 KWe
Technology	:	Gasifier with 100% producer gas engine
Type of biomass used	:	Eucalyptus, Pongamia, Survey, Neem, Coconut fronds, Sababul etc.
Biomass required	:	5300 Kg per day
Units generated	:	3840 units per day
Biomass consumption per unit	:	1.4 Kg
No of labours employed	:	20 (directed employment)
Indirect employment	:	100 (for collection, transportation of biomass)
Cost of the plant	:	Rs 69.52 lakhs
Subsidy from MNRE	:	Rs. 37.5 lakhs
Date of start of the work	:	20th December 2004
Date of commission of the plant	:	27th July 2005
Manufacturer	:	M/S Ankur Scientific Energy Technologies Limited, Vadodara

VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION PROGRAMME

The scope of the Remote Village Electrification Programme will cover the following:

All unelectrified Remote Census Villages by 2007
All Households of unelectrified Remote Census Villages by 2012.
All unelectrified Remote Hamlets of electrified Census Villages by 2012.

1) Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Limited has electrified 16 Remote unelectrified Census Villages through SPV systems during the year 2005-06 under Remote Village Electrification Programme, at a total cost of Rs. 1,11,48,706/-. Out of which MNRE will release Rs. 74,65,265/- and the balance amount of Rs. 36,83,441/- will be met by State Government/KREDL.

DETAILS OF ELECTRIFICATION OF 16 UNELECTRIFIED VILLAGES UNDERTAKEN THROUGH SPV SYSTEMS

Sl.No.	District	Block / Tehsil	Village		No. of households	Population	SHL systems proposed (Model-2)	No. of Street Lighting Systems proposed
Sl.No.	District	Block / Tehsil	Name	Census code No.	No. of households	Population	SHL systems proposed (Model-2)	No. of Street Lighting Systems proposed
1	Uttarakannada	Supa(Joida)	Bajar Kuranga	2910000200694600	69	361	73	12
2	Uttarakannada	Supa(Joida)	Viral	2910000200694500	12	66	12	-
3	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Avedapopalwadi	2910000200692900	17	84	17	2
4	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Ivoli	2910000200692800	29	161	31	2
5	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Diggi	2910000200694800	56	350	57	4
6	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Rangarook	2910000200691500	23	100	25	2
7	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Karanjoida	2910000200697500	130	885	133	8
8	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Kuveshi	2910000200694700	54	263	55	5
9	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Amagaon	2910000200699100	13	67	13	2
10	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Terali	2910000200699600	49	250	53	6
11	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Tulasgeri	2910000200702200	8	33	8	2
12	Uttarakannada	Supa (Joida)	Nigundi	2910000200700300	47	225	50	6
13	Belgaum	Khanapur	Holda	2901000700078400	7	51	8	3
14	Belgaum	Khanapur	Kelil	2901000700078500	16	91	18	4
15	Belgaum	Khanapur	Mendil	2901000700078600	25	201	27	6
16	Belgaum	Khanapur	Degaon	2901000700078700	25	136	27	5
TOTAL							607	69

2) MNRE will provide Central Financial Assistance of up to 90% of the benchmark cost of electricity generation system (Including the cost of comprehensive maintenance contract for 5 years) will be provided for approved project for electrification of Remote unelectrified Census Villages/Hamlets and the balance funds will be met by Sate Government/KREDL.

3) Detailed project Report for the electrification of 2 Remote unelectrified Census Villages and 16 Remote unelectrified Hamlets is under preparation.

4) Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Limited has sent a proposal to electrify 40 Remote Unelectrified Hamlets through SPV systems under Remote Electrification Programme of MNRE for the year 2006-07.

5) Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Limited has also sent a list of 1 Remote Unelectrified Village and 43 Remote Unelectrified Hamlets for Certification by Rural Electrification Corporation, New Delhi to take-up electrification through Renewable Energy Sources.

Village Electrification Through Solar Photovoltaic Systems Using Led Bulbs

KREDL has carried out Electrification of Home Lighting through SPV Systems using LED bulbs in the following Hamlets.

Sl No.	District	Taluk	Name of the Village	Name of the Hamlet	No. of Households
1	Chamarajanagar	Chamarajanagar	Punajanoor	Kadakal Kendi	9
2	Chamarajanagar	Kollegal	Mahadeshwara Betta	Palewaradu	9
3	Mysore	H.D.Kote	Ammemala	Manimoolehadi	11

Technical details of the systems installed in the above 3 hamlets is as follows:

12V, 10W Solar PV Panel
12V, 7.2 Ah SMF Battery
Charge Controller, 3 Sets of 2 watt LED bulbs
Wiring and Hardware.

BIO FUEL PROJECT AT RANGENAHALLI BIO-FUEL MISSION:

Non edible oils like Pongamia Pinnata, Jatropa etc can be used as fuel to generate electricity and electrify the unelectrified villages. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India has sanctioned a pilot demonstration project to install a bio-fuel plant in one of the unelectrified villages in the state. Accordingly KREDL selected Rangenahalli Koppalu Hamlet in Holenarasipur Taluk Hassan District for electrifying by bio-fuel namely Pongamia Pinnata which is abundantly available in the area.

Two generators of 5 KVA and 3.5 KVA have been installed along with a 50 Kg per Hr Oil expeller and 300 Kg per Hr Decorticator in the hamlet. Thirty seven houses and one school building has been electrified by providing two CFL bulbs of 8 watts each and 10 street lights have also been provided. The Local Gram Panchayat is planning to dig a bore well and power will also be supplied to lift water from the bore well once it is dug. The Gram Panchayat of Nagarenahalli Village has provided land free of cost to set up the plant.

Forest Department and Agriculture/Horticulture departments are involved in growing of non-edible oil trees extensively in the waste lands of the state.

Bio-fuel power plant at Rangenahalli Koppalu, Hole Narasipur Taluk

WASTE TO ENERGY

a. M/s Srinivasa Gayatri Resource Recovery Limited has entered in to an agreement with Bangalore Mahanagara Palike for establishing an integrated waste to energy recovery facility along with scientific land filling facility for disposal of the rejects from the process plant. It is planned to generate 8 MW of power from this plant. The project is being implemented as Public- Private Joint Venture initiative. Energy Department, Government of Karnataka has already “No objection” for setting up the plant. The Technology proposed to be used is incineration of Refuse Derived Fuel. Bangalore generates about 2500 Tones of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) daily. BMP while exploring the ways of disposal and utilization of the MSW in the city prepared a plan to develop a power plant utilizing the MSW generated in the city. After calling the private entrepreneurs for developing the project, M/s Srinivasa Gayatri Resource Recovery Limited, Bangalore were selected for setting up the power plant in Bangalore. M/s Srinivasa Gayatri Resource Recovery Limited after detailed survey gave a project report on the possibilities of setting up a 8 MW MSW based power plant in Mandur Village, Bangalore North Taluk, Bangalore Urban District. The technology used is incineration through Refuse Derived fuel prepared by MSW available in Bangalore. This plant is being developed on BOOT basis. BMP has agreed to supply 1000 TPD of MSW to M/s Srinivasa Gayatri Resource Recovery Limited. 300 Tons of MSW will be converted in to Refuse Derived Fuel after segregation. The power plant will be on incineration of the refused derived fuel. This is the first MSW based power plant being set up in the state. Government of Karnataka has issued capacity allotment for 8 MW to M/s Srinivasa Gayatri Resource Recovery Limited to set up this Power plant based on MSW at Mandur Village, Bangalore North taluk, Bangalore Urban District on 14.10.2005. The project is in its preliminary stage only.

b. It is also planned to generate electricity using bio-gas generated from the digesters of the Sewerage Treatment plants of BWSSB. It is estimated that about 2 MW of power can be generated by arresting the leakages from the digesters of the STPs. M/s Aquatyte Energy Private Limited has submitted a proposal in this regard. The project will be given final shape once BWSSB approves and participates in this venture. A detailed survey is planned to be carried out in other corporations of the state like Gulbarga, Mysore, Hubli-Dharwad, Belgaum etc to assess the quantity of waste available in those cities so that similar power plants can be set up in those cities also.

c. A poultry litter based power plant is being set up at Munirabad, Hospet Taluk. M/s Rajabhaskar Power Project Limited is setting up this 7.5 MW poultry litter based power plant. The project is in its preliminary stage of formulation. Similarly a steel plant is having a captive power plant using the waste gases (corex gas) as fuel. After meeting its own requirement the surplus power is being exported to the grid.

d. Bio-gas from distillery effluents also can be used for power generation. There are about 26 distilleries in the state which can generate power which can be used for their own consumption and also export surplus power to the grid. A seminar was held on 9th December 2005 to motivate all the distilleries to set up their own power plant using bio-gas generated in their distillery. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy provides subsidy to the distilleries generating power from the bio-gas. KREDL has been motivating the distilleries to set up power plants based on bio-gas so that they can get quality power without depending on the grid.

HYBRID WIND AND AERO GENERATION

Wind & solar can be mixed for power generation has hybrid systems Aero-generators can be installed in individual houses for lighting requirements. A solar Panel also can be installed to generate power which can be operated when wind is not available

Similarly wind, solar and Pico Hydel systems can be mixed for generating power.

KREDL has a demonstration Pico Hydel Device in its office premises as a demonstration device which can generate power.

KREDL has installed a number of aero-generators in and around Bangalore which have been hybrided with solar panels

ISKON Temple, KSRTC Bus-Stand, Adichunchunagiri Math are some of the places where these devices have been installed

Hybrid System

INSTALLED IN KARNATAKA - HYBRID SYSTEM [WIND AND SOLAR]: 24

Capacity 550 W [ 400W Wind & 150 W SPV]
Cost - Rs. 95000/-
Generation 2 to 10 kWh / day

INSTALLED IN KARNATAKA WATER PUMPING WIND MILLS 28

KREDL STATE LEVEL ENERGY PARK, BANGALORE - 1 No.
KSPHC - SHIGGAON - 2 Nos.
TIBETAN COLONY - MUNDGOD AND BYLAKUPPE 25 Nos.
Approx. cost - Rs. 2 00 000 / -
Subsidy MNRE Rs. 45 000 /- per system

Sl.No.	Name and Place of Installation
1	Public Mobile Exhibition, KREDL
2	Malpe, Udupi
3	IE I, Mysore
4	Jogi Matti - Forest, IBDC Chitradurga
5	IGP, Gulbarga - 1
6	IGP, Gulbarga - 2
7	Chellagurki, Bellary
8	Nandi Hills
9	KERC, KRS, Mysore
10	Head Office, KSRTC, Bangalore
11	DC Office - Kottegeri, Belgaum
12	CEO, Taluk Panchayat, Siruguppa, Bellary
13	KREDL, Demonstration
14	Sri. Ragavendra Ashram, Davanageri
15	ISKCON, Bangalore
16	PSTI, Bangalore
17	Regional Office, KSRTC, Bangalore
18	Yogavan Hills, Bangalore Rural District
19	BSNL Bangalore
20	Rural Development, Mandy

Sl.No.	APPLICATION	MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF MNES SUPPORT
1	Community use and direct use by central/state Govt., defence and para military forces etc.	75% of Ex-works cost subject to a maximum of Rs. 2.0 lakhs per Kw;Incase of unelectrified islands 90% of Ex-works cost subject to a maximum of Rs. 2.4 lakhs per Kw.
2	Individuals, industries, users, R&D and Academic institutions.	50% of Ex-works cost subject to a maximum of Rs. 1.25 lakhs per Kw.

POWER GENERATION FROM CATTLE DUNG

There are 22.5 crores of cattle in our country. The dung produced from these cattle produce methane gas which is useful as fuel for power generation.

As per the estimate the dung produced by only 20 crores of cattle can meet the entire requirement of power in the country.

According to an estimate, about 1 crore cattle exist in Karnataka. One Kg of cattle dung produces about 0.036 cum of biogas. With the existing cattle in the state about 300 MW of power can be generated by bio-methanation process.;

Central financial assistance is available for generating power by cattle dung through bio-methanation process.

ENERGY GENERATION THROUGH ANIMAL POWER

In association with Mr.Nanjaiah & Mr. Mohan, a small scale industrialist, KREDL has come out with a generator which, with help from a pair of oxen can to a great extent solve the power problems in rural area.
The generator was originally conceived by retired Electrical Engineer L. Nanjaiah. Later, he sought KREDL’s help, which helped him to design and develop it to present stage. Mr. Nanjaiah says he had read in books that during ancient times power was produced with the help of animals. “This inspired him. It took him about a year and a half” to develop the animal driven generator.

Called the animal-driven electricity generator or the permanent magnetic generator, it can generate up to 2 KW Watts electricity per hour, which can meet the power requirement of household with

Tube Light Slime - 20 W/ hour
Ceiling Fan - 75 W/ hour
Color TV - 100 W/ hour

User can use the above said in there own combination not exceeding 2000 W.

Investment & Profit realization

1 hour – 2 units
8 hours – 1 day – 16 units
1 month – 480 units
1 year – 5760 units
1 unit – cost Rs. 3/-
1 year – 5760 * 3 = 17,280/-
Payback period – 85,000/ 17,280 = 5 years
If government gives subsidy of 50% then the pay back period reduces by 50%.

Note: By ‘rotating’ the generator with a pair of oxen for more number of hours, more electricity can be generated, even to meet the needs of cluster of houses.

Storing possible

“This is a simple instrument and there is only a shaft, gear box and a permanent magnet alternator. As the animal rotates like in a traditional gana the central shaft moves in sync. By making the alternator run, electricity is generated. The electricity can be stored in battery and used, as and when required.” According to Mr. Nanjaiah, the magnet will not get heated up, except for replacing the bearing, “there is hardly any maintenance needed in the generator”.

The equipment costs Rs.85,000/- (Rupees Eighty Thousand only). Efforts are under way to develop an instrument which can generate up to 10 KW/hour .This can also be used for lifting water. KREDL proposes to install the generator at district –level energy parks in all 27 districts of the state, besides the Indira Gandhi Musical Fountain Park, Bangalore.

KREDL also have developed a Hybrid aero –Wind generator which, installed on roof tops, can generate electricity using solar and wind power. Planning to sell this generator at Rs.35,000/- (Rupees Thirty Five Thousand Only) the remaining amount for state /Central subsidy.

(courtesy: KREDL)

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